1.0 introduction 介紹
1.1 TEST SCOPE 試驗(yàn)范圍 上海鼎徵儀器儀表設(shè)備有限公司
This standard specifies an accelerated laboratory atmospheric corrosion test. The testing environment addressed is similar in effect to that of the salt load/ climatic part of the proving ground corrosion test procedure, CETP 00.00-R-343 and yields corresponding results. The objective of the test is to allow evaluation of the corrosion resistance of metals in environments where there is a significant influence of chloride ions, mainly as sodium chloride from a marine source or by winter road de-icing salt. The laboratory test provides full exposure to the salt load and humidity environment. It does not attempt to simulate other engraving factors such as mud loads, temperature stresses or wear.  It serves as a general purpose atmospheric corrosion test and applies to a variety of materials, coatings, and interactions of materials, both as test specimens or in designed components. The test can be used as a design verification method in order to (a) develop and qualify new corrosion resistant products, (b) develop new pre-treatments and finishing processes, (c) select materials and, (d) perform quality control of the final product.
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是關(guān)于一項(xiàng)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里加速進(jìn)行的大氣腐蝕試驗(yàn)。本文所述的試驗(yàn)環(huán)境類似于《試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)腐蝕試驗(yàn)程序CETP00.00-R-343》中的鹽負(fù)荷/環(huán)境影響部分，得出相應(yīng)的結(jié)果。試驗(yàn)?zāi)康脑谟谠u(píng)估金屬在富含氯化物的環(huán)境中（主要是海水中的鹽或冬天用于融雪的鹽）的抗腐蝕性。該實(shí)驗(yàn)室試驗(yàn)主要是將試驗(yàn)件*暴露在濕潤(rùn)的鹽負(fù)荷環(huán)境中，而非模擬其他摩擦因素如泥負(fù)荷、溫度壓力或磨損。該試驗(yàn)主要作為一項(xiàng)大氣腐蝕試驗(yàn)，適用于各種各樣的材料、涂層、試樣或設(shè)計(jì)零部件材料的相互作用。該試驗(yàn)可作為一種驗(yàn)證設(shè)計(jì)的方法，用于(a)開(kāi)發(fā)并驗(yàn)證新的抗腐蝕產(chǎn)品；(b)開(kāi)發(fā)新的預(yù)處理和表面處理工藝；(c)選擇材料；(d)對(duì)最終產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量控制。
 
The standard specifies controlled conditions for equipment and procedures to allow the test to be performed with a high degree of repeatability and reproducibility. It is designed to be suitable to run in various climate chambers, either as a fully automated procedure or with partial manual operations.
本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)說(shuō)明了設(shè)備和程序的受控條件，讓實(shí)驗(yàn)具有高度的重復(fù)性和再現(xiàn)性。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用于多種環(huán)境試驗(yàn)箱，包括全自動(dòng)試驗(yàn)或部分手動(dòng)操作的試驗(yàn)。
 
1.2 SUMMARY OF TEST CONTENT 試驗(yàn)內(nèi)容摘要
The workday test procedure consists of: 工作日的試驗(yàn)程序由以下幾個(gè)方面組成：
A 6 h wet phase at room temperature. with intermittent exposure to salt solution (0.5% NaCl).
A 2.5 h transition phase with drying under climate control.
A 15.5 h phase with constant temperature and humidity (50°C, 70% RH).
室溫下6小時(shí)的加濕階段，間歇曝露到0.5%的氯化鈉溶液中
2.5小時(shí)的過(guò)渡階段，通過(guò)環(huán)境控制進(jìn)行烘干
15.5小時(shí)的恒溫恒濕階段(50°C, 70% RH)
 
After repeating this procedure Mon-Fri a 48 h weekend phase under continued constant climate control is added.
從周一到周五重復(fù)該試驗(yàn)程序后，在周末加入持續(xù)恒定環(huán)境控，進(jìn)行48小時(shí)的試驗(yàn)。
 
1.3 COMMONALITY 共通性
This is a CONTROL TEST and can be used to qualify components throughout the world.  The test may be conducted at any location having the necessary equipment and facilities.  Proposed revisions to this procedure must be submitted per FAP03-179. 
這是一項(xiàng)可驗(yàn)證世界上所有的零部件的控制試驗(yàn)，可在任何地方進(jìn)行，只要具備所需的設(shè)備儀器。對(duì)本試驗(yàn)程序的修改建議必須按FAP03-179提交。
2.0 Instrumentation 儀器 上海鼎徵儀器儀表設(shè)備有限公司
The following elements are usually required to conduct the test procedure:
進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)程序一般需要以下儀器：
 
2.1 Compressed, clean air of 4 - 6 bars for cleaning salt solution from spray nozzles, as a source for the renewal of chamber air and for humidification, supplied by spray humidifiers.
2.1    4-6 bar的干凈的壓縮空氣，用于清理噴嘴上的鹽溶液、箱內(nèi)換氣和噴霧加濕器進(jìn)行加濕。
 
2.2 A low conductivity water supply (20 mS max) for humidification or evaporative spray humidifiers and for the preparation of salt solutions.
2.2    一根低導(dǎo)電率的供水管（至大20 mS），用于加濕或噴霧加濕器以及準(zhǔn)備鹽溶液。
 
2.3 A tank for preparation and storage of salt solution or, alternatively, a system for direct on-line mixing of water and saturated NaCl solution to the actual concentration (0.5 ± 0.05% by weight)
2.3    一個(gè)用于準(zhǔn)備和存儲(chǔ)鹽溶液的水槽，或者一套直接在線按實(shí)際濃度（0.5 ± 0.05%，按重量）混合水和飽和氯化鈉溶液的系統(tǒng)。
 
2.4 A conductivity meter with built-in temperature compensation for preparation and control of the 0.5% NaCl salt solution (conductivity: 8.3 mS/cm + 0.80 at 20°C). A 0.50% by weight NaCl solution is used as a calibration standard at each measurement.
2.4    一個(gè)帶內(nèi)置溫度補(bǔ)償?shù)碾妼?dǎo)儀，用于準(zhǔn)備和控制0.5%的氯化鈉鹽溶液（溫度為20°C時(shí)的導(dǎo)電性：8.3 mS/cm + 0.80）。 一份按重量為0.50%的氯化鈉溶液，作為每次測(cè)量時(shí)的校正標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
 
2.5 A high quality device for independent control of temperature and relative humidity shall be accessible. This instrument shall on a stipulated regular interval (Ref 5.4) be used for independent monitoring and calibration of the conditions in the very test plane of the exposure chamber. The total measurement error must not exceed 0.1°C.
2.5    一套高質(zhì)量的設(shè)備，用于獨(dú)立控制溫度和相對(duì)濕度。該設(shè)備按照規(guī)定的時(shí)間間隔（參考5.4），獨(dú)立監(jiān)控和校正試驗(yàn)箱李的試驗(yàn)平面上的各項(xiàng)條件，測(cè)量總誤差不超過(guò)0.1°C。
 
2.6 Racks of inert material for support and aligned fixation of test specimens must not hamper a free air-flow around the test objects, nor collect standing wetness. The test objects in a rack must not screen one another from the salt solution downfall and they should be exposed with the stipulated exposure angle to the spray (15- 20 degrees inclination from vertical).
2.6    由惰性材料制成的夾具，用于支撐、排列和固定試樣，但不得妨礙試樣周圍的空氣流通，不得累積水分。夾具上的試樣不得相互遮蔽導(dǎo)致鹽溶液淋不到試樣上。試樣應(yīng)按規(guī)定的角度曝露到噴霧中（偏離垂直線15-20度）。
 
2.7 Pressurized hand-spray equipment for application of the 0.5% NaCl solution if a manual spray procedure is used. The capacity must be sufficient to meet the downfall requirement (Ref. 3.3.1).
2.7    如需采取手動(dòng)噴灑，應(yīng)使用適用于0.5%鹽溶液的加壓型手動(dòng)噴霧器，噴霧器的容量必須能滿足噴灑要求（見(jiàn)3.3.1）。
 
2.8 Funnels, beakers/ measuring glasses and a balance with at least 0.1 g accuracy for monitoring and calibration of salt solution downfall throughout the test plane of the exposure chamber.
2.8    漏斗、燒杯/量杯以及精度至少為0.1g的天平，用于監(jiān)控和校準(zhǔn)曝露箱中試驗(yàn)平面上落下的鹽溶液。
 
2.9 All test measurement equipment must be calibrated and maintained per FAP03-015, Control, Calibration, and Maintenance of Measurement and Test Equipment.
2.9    所有試驗(yàn)的測(cè)量設(shè)備的校準(zhǔn)和維護(hù)必須按照《FAP03-015測(cè)量和試驗(yàn)設(shè)備的控制，校準(zhǔn)和維護(hù)程序》。
 
2.10 All applicable safety guidelines and procedures must be followed.
2.10  試驗(yàn)須遵守所有適用的安全指引和安全程序。
 
3.0 Equipment and facilities 設(shè)備設(shè)施 上海鼎徵儀器儀表設(shè)備有限公司
The necessary, permanently installed facility to conduct the test consists of a programmable humidity chamber of good quality. It is preferably equipped with an integrated rig for spraying salt solution of the required amount and accuracy, cooling capacity and a good internal circulation system for the conditioned air (Fig. 1). The exposure chamber shall be designed so that the test conditions described in the subsequent paragraphs can be obtained, controlled, and monitored during the test.
試驗(yàn)所需的安裝的設(shè)施包括一個(gè)可編程的高質(zhì)量濕度箱。濕度箱中建議能配備一套噴量準(zhǔn)確度高的綜合性鹽霧噴灑裝置、冷卻裝置和一套性能良好的空氣內(nèi)循環(huán)系統(tǒng)（如圖1）。曝露箱應(yīng)按要求設(shè)計(jì)，以使下文所述的試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中的各項(xiàng)條件能在得到滿足、控制和監(jiān)控。
 

Fig. 1 Schematic view of a climate chamber equipped with functions suited for performance of the described test procedure: 1. Chamber test space, 2. Climatization unit, including fan, heating, cooling and humidification, 3. Test plane with samples, 4. Temperature/ humidity sensor for regulation, 5. Insulated walls/ lids, 6. Diffusors for improved air distribution, 7. Fresh air inlet/ "bleed", 8. Rain rig with nozzles and motor for swaying mode, 9. Gutter, 10. Control/ steering/ recording unit, 11. Position for monitoring/ calibration of climate with independent temperature/ humidity sensor.
圖1 環(huán)境試驗(yàn)箱的圖示，配備了進(jìn)行本文所述的試驗(yàn)程序所需的功能：1. 試驗(yàn)空間；2. 環(huán)境系統(tǒng)，包括風(fēng)扇、加熱器、冷卻器和加濕器；3. 放置試樣的平面；4. 溫濕傳感器（調(diào)節(jié)用）；5. 隔熱壁/蓋； 6. 空氣擴(kuò)散器（改善空氣分布）；7. 新鮮空氣進(jìn)氣口； 8. 帶噴頭和搖擺模式驅(qū)動(dòng)馬達(dá)的噴灑器；9. 排水口；10. 控制/操作/記錄系統(tǒng)；11. 帶獨(dú)立溫室感應(yīng)器的環(huán)境監(jiān)控/校正位置。
 
3.1 CLIMATE CONTROL 環(huán)境控制
The humidity and temperature levels of the chamber during the test cycle shall be continuously monitored.  The sensors should reflect the climate conditions in the test "plane" (Fig. 1, item 4). The mean value of the constant temperature/ relative humidity climate conditions must be within ±0.4°C and ±2% relative humidity (RH) respectively vs. the real, set value, i.e. these are the max tolerable mean offsets caused by the sum of calibration errors.  At annual calibration this degree of accuracy must be fulfilled for the following three constant conditions: 25°C, 95% RH, 50°C, 95% RH and 50°C, 70% RH. At bimonthly control, during normal operation, this accuracy should be fulfilled at the constant climate conditions (50°C, 70% RH) during a work-day cycle.
試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中應(yīng)連續(xù)不斷地監(jiān)控試驗(yàn)箱的濕度和溫度水平。傳感器會(huì)反映試驗(yàn)“平面”上的環(huán)境（如圖1中第4項(xiàng)）。恒定溫度/相對(duì)濕度的均值必須在±0.4°C范圍內(nèi)，相對(duì)濕度（RH）在±2%，分別對(duì)應(yīng)實(shí)際值、設(shè)定值，這些就是由于累積的校正誤差造成的平均偏移值的最大允許范圍。 在年度校正過(guò)程中，這一精度必須得到滿足，以保證以下三項(xiàng)恒定條件：25°C, 95% RH, 50°C, 95% RH以及50°C, 70% RH。在進(jìn)行兩月一次的正?？刂茣r(shí)，工作日循環(huán)中的恒定環(huán)境條件（50°C, 70% RH）應(yīng)能到達(dá)這一精度。
 
The maximum allowed short-term fluctuations in relative humidity overlaid on the calibrated mean value is ±3% RH, which implies a maximum allowed short-term temperature fluctuation of ± 0.6°C.  Figure 2 is exemplifying the requirement on relative humidity.
      疊加到校正平均值的相對(duì)濕度短期波動(dòng)至大范圍是±3% RH。這意味著短期溫度波動(dòng)的至大范圍只能是± 0.6°C。圖2舉例說(shuō)明了相對(duì)濕度的要求。
 

 
Fig. 2 Accuracy requirement on humidity deviations from set value
圖2  濕度偏差離設(shè)定值的精度要求
 
The chamber controlling software/ hardware must be designed so that the relative humidity may be changed linearly with time as depicted in the illustrated test conditions, see Figure 5. In the 2-stage ramping from a wet chamber at 25 ±2°C to humid conditions at 50°C, 70% RH, the first heating stage to 40°C should be reached within 30 minutes without sample drying, which is secured by a nominal relative humidity setting to 95% RH. The second 2 h ramp must reach the stipulated final 50°C, 70% RH at the end of the ramp.
控制試驗(yàn)箱的軟件/硬件必須設(shè)計(jì)成能使相對(duì)濕度隨時(shí)間呈線性變化，如圖5所示。從試驗(yàn)箱溫度為25 ±2°C的濕潤(rùn)狀態(tài)到50°C, 70% RH的濕潤(rùn)狀態(tài)需經(jīng)過(guò)兩個(gè)階段。一階段應(yīng)通過(guò)將相對(duì)濕度讀數(shù)設(shè)定到95%RH，以保證溫度在30分鐘內(nèi)達(dá)到40°C而試樣不干燥。第二階段為兩小時(shí)，必須在結(jié)束前達(dá)到規(guī)定的50°C, 70% RH。
 
NOTE: For each new exposure situation this condition must be verified by an independent monitoring device (paragraph 2.5) with the sensor positioned among the actual test objects in their actual average plane of exposure (Fig. 1 Item 11). For monitoring : Deploy the sensor directly after the last spray event of the work-day wet phase.
注意：每次曝露的條件必須經(jīng)過(guò)獨(dú)立監(jiān)控設(shè)備驗(yàn)證（見(jiàn)第2.5段），也就是實(shí)際試驗(yàn)物體所在的曝露平面之間的傳感器（如圖1，第11項(xiàng)）。在工作日濕潤(rùn)階段的最后一次噴灑后直接調(diào)節(jié)傳感器來(lái)進(jìn)行監(jiān)控。
 
In automated testing, forced cooling is necessary when proceeding from 50°C, 70 % RH controlled, constant conditions to macro-wet conditions at 25°C.  The chamber must achieve a cooling from 50°C to 30°C within 30 minutes with the targeted 25°C met within 1 hour. If spraying is applied manually, then cooling the samples by letting the chamber be open with test objects kept wet may provide an option that does not require the use of a built-in cooling unit. It must be verified by temperature monitoring that cooling requirements are fulfilled under such conditions for the actual chamber type and test specimen load. 
在自動(dòng)試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中，要使試驗(yàn)箱從受控恒定條件50°C, 70 % RH變化到25°C下非常濕的條件，需要進(jìn)行強(qiáng)制冷卻。試驗(yàn)箱必須在30分鐘內(nèi)從50°C冷卻到30°C，然后在1小時(shí)內(nèi)到達(dá)目標(biāo)溫度25°C。如果是手動(dòng)噴灑，可以打開(kāi)試驗(yàn)箱同時(shí)讓試樣保持濕潤(rùn)，這樣就不必使用內(nèi)置冷卻系統(tǒng)。在這種條件下要滿足該類試驗(yàn)箱和試樣負(fù)荷的冷卻要求，必須通過(guò)溫度監(jiān)控保證。
 
 
3.2 RECOMMENDATIONS ON TEST CHAMBER FUNCTIONALITY 
關(guān)于試驗(yàn)箱功能的建議
In order to meet the temperature and humidity accuracy requirements throughout the test area, the chamber should be equipped with means to provide well distributed circulation of conditioned air (meaning a local air velocity of at least a few cm/s over all parts of the test area, - Fig. 1 is exemplifying such a condition). Sufficient insulation of the chamber walls and lids is required in order to avoid excessive condensation on these surfaces.  The more efficient air circulation, the less insulation is required.
 

• 為了在整個(gè)試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中滿足溫度和濕度的精度要求，試驗(yàn)箱應(yīng)配備能使經(jīng)調(diào)節(jié)溫濕度、空氣流動(dòng)性好的裝置（試驗(yàn)區(qū)域內(nèi)各部分的內(nèi)部氣流速度至少是若干厘米/秒-例如圖1。）試驗(yàn)箱的四壁和蓋板要求得到有效隔熱，以避免這些表面出現(xiàn)過(guò)渡冷凝。空氣流動(dòng)性越好，隔熱需求越少。 
  Wall heating should be avoided, due to that heating by radiation tends to keep test object close to the chamber walls locally too dry to be within humidity specification (or a screen shall be installed to avoid such an effect). Provided the internal air circulation is efficient, wall heating is not required.  The chamber air must be continuously renewed by a purge of not less than
  1 m³/ h per m² of test area (exemplified by Fig. 1, Item 7).  This to assure that the CO₂-level is not significantly depleted under any exposure conditions.  Fresh air can be added dry from a compressed source or taken from ambient conditions, unless significantly polluted (> 50 ppb SO₂).
  由于熱量輻射會(huì)使靠近箱壁的試樣過(guò)度干燥，達(dá)不到濕度要求，因此應(yīng)盡量避免試驗(yàn)箱壁受熱（或者添加遮擋板來(lái)避免受熱）。如果內(nèi)部空氣流動(dòng)良好，就不必進(jìn)行箱壁加熱。應(yīng)配備1 m³/ h每m²的空氣凈化器使試驗(yàn)區(qū)域內(nèi)的空氣不斷更新（例如圖1第7項(xiàng)）。這是為了保持CO₂水平，避免其在曝露條件下被耗盡。干燥的新鮮空氣可以由壓縮機(jī)提供，或使用室內(nèi)的空氣（除非空氣被嚴(yán)重污染（> 50 ppb SO₂））。
   
   

3.3 EXPOSURE TO SALT SOLUTION 曝露到鹽溶液中
3.3.1 For a fully automated procedure , the chamber shall be equipped with a spray device capable of producing a finely distributed, uniform spray falling on the test objects. The most reliable way of receiving a fairly uniform downfall is by installing a moving spray device, like the swaying rail with overlapping nozzles, depicted in Fig. 3. The spraying device shall be made of corrosion resistance materials.  Plastic is recommended.
3.3.1  對(duì)于全自動(dòng)的試驗(yàn)，試驗(yàn)箱內(nèi)應(yīng)配備噴灑裝置，能使溶液得到妥善分配，均勻噴灑到試樣上。能有效使溶液均勻噴灑的方法是安裝一套可移動(dòng)的噴灑裝置，如帶交叉噴頭的搖擺軌道，如圖3所示。噴灑裝置應(yīng)由耐腐蝕材料制成，建議是塑料。
 

 
Fig. 3 Example of spray rig for obtaining uniform salt solution downfall.
圖3 使鹽溶液均勻噴灑的噴灑裝置示例
 
A target average precipitation rate distributed over the workday 6 h wet period of this test procedure period is 5 L/m², and shall not exceed 10 L/m².  For any local position the total precipitation over the 6 h period must not be lower than 3 L/m² and not exceed 15 L/m². Suggested nozzles type: Spraying Systems Uni Jet 800050VP.  Mount the nozzles on a supporting tube 50-60 cm apart and about 1 m above the test objects.  The nozzles shall be adjusted so that the fan plumes are in line with the tube/ supporting rail. An individual filter at each nozzle is strongly recommended to avoid any contaminations in the tiny slots. These low-cost plastic nozzles have a reliable function, but must be inspected in microscope at delivery in order to discard such with defect slot cuts. Stainless nozzles, even in 316 alloy, will be impaired by corrosion under the actual test conditions. Atomizing salt-spray nozzles should not be used, since they generate a too low precipitation rate to give sufficient leaching effect on the test objects. Achieving a uniform downfall with these types of nozzles can be difficult.
在本試驗(yàn)的工作日的6小時(shí)加濕階段，平均噴灑密度的目標(biāo)值為5 L/m²，且不能超過(guò)10 L/m²。在6小時(shí)周期內(nèi)，箱內(nèi)任何位置的噴灑密度都必須不低于3 L/m²，不高于15 L/m²。建議噴頭類型：Uni Jet 800050VP噴灑裝置。將噴頭裝在支承管上，相隔56-60cm，處于試樣上方1米左右。調(diào)整噴頭，使扇葉與支承管/支承軌成一直線。強(qiáng)烈建議在給每個(gè)噴頭裝上過(guò)濾器，以避免小槽中的污染物。雖然這些噴頭價(jià)格低廉、功能可靠，但是發(fā)貨時(shí)還須經(jīng)過(guò)顯微鏡檢驗(yàn)，以淘汰那些小槽切割不良的噴頭。不銹鋼噴頭，就算是用316合金制成的，在也會(huì)在實(shí)際試驗(yàn)條件下受到腐蝕而損壞。霧化鹽霧噴頭噴灑密度過(guò)低，無(wú)法為試樣起到有效的過(guò)濾作用，故不宜使用。這幾類噴頭噴灑都不均勻。
 
3.3.2 An automated spray-rig is allowed to be separated from the humidity chamber, i.e. the test objects are moved between two units on a work-day basis.
3.3.2 自動(dòng)噴灑裝置可從加濕箱中拆出來(lái)。也就是說(shuō)，試樣在一個(gè)工作日內(nèi)在兩套設(shè)備之間移動(dòng)。
 
3.3.3 If there is no possibility to use an automated device for spraying, a manual spraying of the test object is allowed, either in or outside the test cabinet, provided: 1. The minimum precipitation rate of 5 L/m² per 6 h wet session is fulfilled, 2. The spraying events are distributed over the 6 h period, so that the test object are kept constantly wet, and 3. The temperature requirement is fulfilled.
3.3.3 如果不能采用自動(dòng)噴灑裝置，可采用手動(dòng)噴灑，在箱內(nèi)箱外皆可，條件是：1. 在6小時(shí)加濕階段完成前，噴灑密度至少為5 L/m²。2. 噴灑將分布在6小時(shí)周期內(nèi)，以使試樣保持濕潤(rùn)；并且；3. 保持要求的溫度。
 
NOTE:  Salt solution sprayed onto test objects must not be reused.
注意：噴灑到試樣上的鹽溶液不得重復(fù)使用。
 
 
4.0 Sample preparation 試樣準(zhǔn)備
Sample preparation before exposure, the sample orientation during exposure and the evaluation after exposure are usually stipulated in the engineering test standards addressing this test procedure.
曝露前試樣準(zhǔn)備，曝露期間的朝向和曝露后的評(píng)估方法一般會(huì)在本試驗(yàn)程序相關(guān)的工程試驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中關(guān)于有所規(guī)定。
 
4.1 Painted and scribed panels:  The test is optimized for exposing scribes in horizontal position on panels oriented to the angle stipulated in Paragraph 5.1.1.  Scribe orientation has a similar effect on salt collection as the panel orientation.  The scribe, or other type of damage, shall be positioned, so that a collecting area for precipitation is left above the exposed area of interest.
4.1   噴漆板和劃線板：本試驗(yàn)已針對(duì)水平劃線的板材按第5.1.1段所規(guī)定的角度朝向曝露進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化。劃線的朝向的作用類似于板材朝向的鹽聚集。劃線或其他損傷都應(yīng)定好位置，以便噴灑液收集區(qū)域位于目標(biāo)曝露區(qū)域之上。
 
4.2 Component parts are to be in vehicle orientation position if at all possible.  The salt solution spray should reach the areas of interest.
4.2    如果可能，零部件應(yīng)盡量按照汽車朝向放置，并使鹽溶液能淋到達(dá)目標(biāo)區(qū)域。
 
4.3 Interested parties should agree on the location within the components where the corrosion is to be observed.
4.3    相關(guān)各方需商定零部件上將出現(xiàn)腐蝕的位置。
 
4.4 Interested parties should agree to any pre-conditioning, masking of edges, pre-testing, cleaning, or any other sample preparations.
4.4    相關(guān)各方需商定預(yù)處理、要遮蓋的邊緣、預(yù)測(cè)試、清潔或其他試樣準(zhǔn)備工作。
 
4.5 Interested parties should agree to any photographic details throughout the test and the areas to be examined and any assessments that are required.
4.5    相關(guān)各方需商定試驗(yàn)過(guò)程的具體細(xì)節(jié)、檢測(cè)的區(qū)域以及要求的評(píng)估。
 
 
5.0 OPERATION 操作
5.1 BEFORE TEST START   試驗(yàn)開(kāi)始之前
Prepare test objects according to the instructions in paragraph 4, which may include additional procedures, like preconditioning in other test equipments (e.g. heat treatment).
按照第4段的說(shuō)明準(zhǔn)備試樣，也許將包括附加步驟，如在其他試驗(yàn)設(shè)備中進(jìn)行預(yù)處理（比如熱處理）。
 
5.1.1 Test object orientation:  Components or test objects in the chamber shall be placed on/ mounted to non-corrosive surfaces in the appropriate agreed upon position.  If the item is flat the test surface shall be within an 15-20° angle from vertical.  Note that the inclination determines the amount of wetness collected on the panel and hence, the salt load when this film is subjected to climate control, which in turn influences the test result.
5.1.1  試樣的朝向：試驗(yàn)箱中的零部件或試樣應(yīng)按照商定的朝向，放置或固定在防腐蝕的表面上。如果試樣是平的，那么試驗(yàn)表面應(yīng)在離垂直線15-20°角度范圍內(nèi)。請(qǐng)注意，板的傾角決定了溶液的收集量，從而影響試驗(yàn)片受環(huán)境控制時(shí)的鹽負(fù)荷，進(jìn)而影響試驗(yàn)結(jié)果。
 
5.1.2 Test object support:  If it is necessary to suspend the objects, the material used shall be made of non-metallic inert materials.  The test stands must not obstruct passing of air, nor disable proper drainage (The photo in fig. 4 shows an example of open well-drained supports for flat panels)
5.1.2 試樣的夾具：如需將試樣托起，夾具應(yīng)采用非金屬的惰性材料，而且不得阻礙空氣流通或排水（圖4就是一個(gè)開(kāi)放且排水暢通的平板試樣夾具）。
 
5.1.3 Test object exposure to salt spray:  The component or test object shall be placed approximately 1 m from the spray heads if an automated spray rig is used.  Flat samples in angled position must have their full horizontally projected surface exposed to spray collection (see drawing in fig. 4). This will also support a sufficient air circulation around the panels. Other test objects geometries than flat panels must obey these criteria as far as practically feasible.
5.1.3  試樣曝露到鹽霧中：如使用自動(dòng)噴灑裝置，零部件或試樣應(yīng)放置在離噴頭1米左右的位置。按一定角度放置的平試樣必須讓其水平投影面*曝露到噴灑液體收集區(qū)域（見(jiàn)圖4）。這還有助于板周圍的空氣流通。對(duì)于平板以外其他幾何形狀的試樣，只要能實(shí)際操作，都必須遵循這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

Fig. 4  Example of open and well drained fixtures for flat test panels (left) and minimum recommended stacking distance of panels (right)
圖4 適用于平板試樣的開(kāi)放且排水暢通的夾具（左圖）；建議至小板間距（右圖）
 
 
5.1.4 Duration of test:  The number of test cycles shall be determined by the specification covering the component or object being tested. When not specified, the test period shall be agreed by the requester and the corrosion department.
5.1.4  試驗(yàn)持續(xù)時(shí)間：試驗(yàn)循環(huán)次數(shù)應(yīng)由試樣零部件或試樣相關(guān)要求決定。如果沒(méi)有要求，應(yīng)由申請(qǐng)?jiān)囼?yàn)的一方和負(fù)責(zé)研究腐蝕的部門(mén)商定試驗(yàn)周期。
 
5.1.5 Control before test start:  Run and monitor the test cycle at least a 24 h period before starting the test, provided not already in continuous operation.
5.1.5 試驗(yàn)開(kāi)始前的控制：假如持續(xù)運(yùn)行尚未開(kāi)始，在試驗(yàn)開(kāi)始之前先運(yùn)行并監(jiān)控試驗(yàn)循環(huán)至少24小時(shí)。
 
5.1.6 Start and end time of test: The test is only allowed to be started just before the first precipitation (Table I Step1A) in the weekly scheme, i.e. at the end of the "weekend" constant temperature/humidity phase. The test is ended at the end of the weekend humidity exposure.
5.1.6 試驗(yàn)的啟動(dòng)時(shí)間和結(jié)束時(shí)間：本試驗(yàn)只允許在一周計(jì)劃中的一次噴灑（見(jiàn)表1，步驟1A）之前啟動(dòng)，即“周末”恒溫恒濕階段結(jié)束時(shí)。試驗(yàn)在周末加濕曝露階段結(jié)束。
 
5.2 TEST EXPOSURE CONDITIONS  試驗(yàn)曝露條件
There are three basic exposure modes in the daily test scheme:
每日試驗(yàn)計(jì)劃分三種基本曝露模式：
 
1. A continuous wet phase at 25± 2°C where the test objects are exposed to a 0.5% NaCl solution. The wet condition is maintained by intermittent spray exposure and with a temperature control without drying, or with the humidity control set high enough to not cause any practical drying.
1.  25± 2°C持續(xù)濕潤(rùn)階段，在此階段試樣曝露到0.5%的氯化鈉溶液中。通過(guò)間歇噴灑曝露和溫度控制（不干燥），或調(diào)節(jié)濕度控制（足以防止物體干燥），試樣的濕潤(rùn)狀態(tài)得以保持。
 
2. A two-step transition from wet to controlled humidity climate.
2. 從濕潤(rùn)到受控濕度環(huán)境的兩步過(guò)渡。
 
3. A period under constant temperature/ humidity control; 50 ± 0.6°C and 70 ± 3% RH. This is also the condition during weekend.
3. 恒溫恒濕控制周期：50 ± 0.6°C，70 ± 3% RH。這也是周末的環(huán)境狀態(tài)。

Table 1.  Climate program, step by step in automated mode
表1  環(huán)境表，自動(dòng)模式的各個(gè)步驟
 

 
* Provided proceeding from step 3a or 3b  假如從3a或3b開(kāi)始進(jìn)行

Fig. 5 Workday (Mon.-Fri.) test cycle  圖5 工作日（一至五）試驗(yàn)循環(huán)
 

 
Fig. 6 Complete weekly program.  圖6 完成每周計(jì)劃
 
5.2.1 Operations within the wet phase at 25±2°C:  
5.2.1  在25±2°C濕潤(rùn)階段的操作
 
Exposure to 0.50±0.05% NaCl solution shall be performed at least in the beginning, middle and at the end of the 6 h wet phase.  
在6小時(shí)濕潤(rùn)階段的開(kāi)始、中端和結(jié)束時(shí)至少各進(jìn)行一次0.50±0.05%的氯化鈉溶液曝露。
 
In automated mode, the first event may consist of a longer period of spray (1a - up to 10 minutes) in order to cool the samples and the chamber more efficiently from the 50°C, 70% RH condition. If all test operations are performed within the same climate chamber, it is essential to follow-up with efficient cooling after the first spray event, in order to reach a temperature below 30°C within the first 30 minutes of the wet phase (1b). After such cooling, which implies some drying, it is recommended to have another short spray event to assure that the solution on the panels have the stipulated concentration (1a' in Table 1/ Fig. 5)  The final targeted temperature of 25±2°C shall be reached within the first hour.
在自動(dòng)模式下，N1次噴灑時(shí)間會(huì)長(zhǎng)一些（1a-10分鐘），以使試樣和試驗(yàn)箱從0°C, 70% RH的狀態(tài)下更有效地冷卻。如果所有試驗(yàn)操作都是在同一個(gè)試驗(yàn)箱中進(jìn)行，N1次噴灑后的有效冷卻非常重要，需要在濕潤(rùn)階段（1b）的頭30分鐘內(nèi)將溫度降到30°C以下。冷卻過(guò)后（意味著一定程度的干燥），建議進(jìn)行一次短時(shí)間噴灑以保證板上的溶液達(dá)到規(guī)定的濃度（圖5/表1中的1a）N1個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)達(dá)到最終的目標(biāo)溫度25±2°C。
 
In an exposure case where the spray is applied manually into a stay-open chamber, or the samples are moved to another chamber or lab bench for spraying at wet phase exposure, cooling within the stipulated time is usually not a problem. Note that the spraying conditions described in 3.3.1 shall apply. During the remaining time of the wet phase (1c), the samples must not dry significantly. This is accomplished by securing that the temperature control is maintained without significant removal of humidified air. If the wet phase is performed in a trough on a bench or in an unheated chamber, it may be sufficient to just keep the panels in a closed volume between the spray events. In the fully integrated test condition, the climate control can be set to 25°C, 95% RH, which secures against any significant drying, without the risk of supplying humidity, which might occur if the humidity is set to e.g. 99% RH.  The short spray event after approximately 3 h (1a') renews the wet film on the samples and secures against drying. The final spray event (1a') is to assure consistent starting conditions when entering the transition to controlled humidity climate.
假如是在敞開(kāi)的試驗(yàn)箱里進(jìn)行手動(dòng)噴灑或者是將試樣轉(zhuǎn)移到其他試驗(yàn)箱或試驗(yàn)臺(tái)上進(jìn)行濕潤(rùn)階段曝露，在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)冷卻一般不成問(wèn)題。注意，應(yīng)當(dāng)按照第3.3.1段所述的噴灑條件進(jìn)行。在濕潤(rùn)階段（1c）剩余的時(shí)間里，不能讓試樣干燥。為保證這一點(diǎn)，可以保持溫度而不大幅減少加濕空氣。假如濕潤(rùn)階段是在試驗(yàn)臺(tái)上的水槽中進(jìn)行，或者在未加熱的試驗(yàn)箱中進(jìn)行，僅僅在噴灑的間歇期間保持密封也許就足夠了。在綜合的試驗(yàn)條件下，環(huán)境控制可以設(shè)置成25°C, 95% RH。這樣可以保證試樣不干燥，畢竟當(dāng)濕度設(shè)置為99%RH時(shí)加濕可能失效。大約3小時(shí)（1a’）后，需進(jìn)行短時(shí)間噴灑以加強(qiáng)試樣表面的保濕層，避免干燥。最后的噴灑（1a’）是為了在進(jìn)入控制環(huán)境濕度的過(guò)渡階段保證初始狀態(tài)一致。
 
Note 1: The spraying scheme in Table 1 does not have to be literally followed, provided there is a spraying period at the beginning, middle and end of the 6-h wet period and the total amount of precipitation follows paragraph 3.3.1.
注意1：假如在6小時(shí)濕潤(rùn)階段的開(kāi)始、中段和結(jié)束各進(jìn)行一次噴灑，而且噴灑總量符合第3.3.1段的要求，則不必逐一按照表1中的噴灑計(jì)劃操作。
Note 2: Continuous spraying with atomizing salt-fog type nozzles is not an option.
注意2： 不得使用霧化鹽霧噴頭進(jìn)行持續(xù)噴灑。
 
5.2.2 Transition to controlled humidity conditions:  
5.2.2 過(guò)渡到受控濕潤(rùn)狀態(tài)：
For both fully and partly programmable procedures, ramp up from 25°C and nominally set 95% RH to 40°C, 95% RH during 30 min, which means that wet conditions will prevail (2a). Slowly dry the wet corroding surfaces going from 40°C, and set 95% RH to 50°C, 70% RH for 2 h (2b). At the final controlled climate conditions there shall be no visible wetness on any corroding surface and the actual values must be within the set allowed limits. The reason for this two-step procedure with a quick temperature rise followed by slow drying at comparably high humidity is to favor drying by diffusion rather than drying by convection, since the latter varies considerably between different types of cabinets.  Such variability is likely to have considerable impact on the test result.
對(duì)于*或部分可編制的程序，30分鐘內(nèi)從25°C，讀數(shù)為95%RH，加溫到40°C, 95% RH，意味著濕潤(rùn)狀態(tài)會(huì)占上風(fēng)（2a）。2小時(shí)內(nèi)（2b）將濕潤(rùn)腐蝕的從40°C，95%RH，干燥到50°C, 70% RH。在最終控制的環(huán)境狀態(tài)下，腐蝕表面不應(yīng)再有水跡，而且實(shí)際數(shù)值必須在允許范圍內(nèi)。采取兩步操作，即快速升溫然后在相對(duì)較高的濕度下緩慢干燥，是因?yàn)樵谟跀U(kuò)散干燥比對(duì)流干燥好，后者在不同的試驗(yàn)箱里差別很大。這種差別有可能嚴(yán)重影響試驗(yàn)結(jié)果。
 
Note 3: The transitions 1b and 2a/b are essential to insure consistent test quality at the actual chamber specimen load. If the chamber humidity sensor is not positioned close to the samples, independent monitoring in the sample test plane should be accomplished according to section 3.1
注意3： 1b和2a/b的過(guò)渡對(duì)于保證試驗(yàn)質(zhì)量的一致性是*的。如果試驗(yàn)箱內(nèi)的濕度傳感器并不靠近試樣，根據(jù)3.1章節(jié)所述，應(yīng)在試樣測(cè)試平面上配備獨(dú)立監(jiān)控。
 
5.2.3 Constant climate conditions of 50°±0.6°C, 70±3% RH will prevail until a 24 h cycle is fulfilled, i.e. for 15.5 h. (3a) These constant exposure conditions are prolonged during "weekends", i.e. the last 48 h of the week cycle (3b) after finalizing the 5^th "workday" cycle.
5.2.3  恒定狀態(tài)50°±0.6°C, 70±3% RH將持續(xù)至24小時(shí)循環(huán)完成，即持續(xù)15.5小時(shí)（3a），而在“周末”計(jì)劃中將持續(xù)更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間：即完成第5個(gè)“工作日”循環(huán)后，周循環(huán)（3b）持續(xù)48小時(shí)。
 
5.3 AFTER EXPOSURE
5.3.1 Storage: For corroded samples of steel base or aluminum it is important to evaluate the samples no more than a week after finished test, if kept in ambient conditions. Otherwise test specimen should be kept in desiccators.
5.3 曝露后
5.3.1 保存：對(duì)于鐵制或鋁制腐蝕試樣，如果保存在一般環(huán)境中，應(yīng)在試驗(yàn)完成一周內(nèi)進(jìn)行對(duì)試樣進(jìn)行評(píng)估，否則應(yīng)將試樣保存在干燥器中。
 
5.4 QUALITY CONTROL
5.4.1 Workday control:
Check that the monitored temperature and humidity values are in accordance with set values.
5.4    質(zhì)量控制
5.4.1 工作日控制：
檢查確認(rèn)溫度值和濕度值符合設(shè)定值
 
5.4.2 Weekly control:
Check that the spray nozzles deliver the intended uniform spray pattern and that the spray rig works properly.
Check that the salt solution is within 0.50 + 0.05 % by wt. of NaCl solution, most conveniently with a conductivity meter (8.2 mS/cm). Use a reference standard solution. With the stipulated water quality (paragraph 2.2) pH is not subjected to control.
Check storage tanks and other supply sources.
 
5.4.2 周控制：
檢查確認(rèn)噴頭能均勻噴灑，噴灑裝置運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)正常。
通過(guò)稱量氯化鈉溶液，檢查確認(rèn)鹽溶液在0.50 + 0.05 %范圍內(nèi)，便捷的方法是使用電導(dǎo)儀(8.2 mS/cm)。使用參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)溶液，規(guī)定的水質(zhì)（見(jiàn)第2.2段）PH不受控制。
檢查儲(chǔ)存罐和其他供應(yīng)源。
 
5.4.3 Bimonthly control:
Monitor the climate with an independent control device (paragraph 2.5) during test operation by placing the device in the chamber test plane just after the last spray of a wet phase and remove it before the first spray of the next wet event.
5.4.3  兩月一次的控制：
在試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中使用獨(dú)立控制設(shè)備監(jiān)控環(huán)境（見(jiàn)第2.5段），即在LAST后一次濕潤(rùn)階段噴灑過(guò)后將該設(shè)備放到箱里的試驗(yàn)平臺(tái)上，然后在下一次加濕噴灑之前撤走。
 
5.4.4 Annual calibration:
Clean and service the complete equipment
Monitor the climate with an independent control device at the three different settings given in paragraph 3.1.
Check that the salt solution spray downfall is within specification. See Attachment 10.1
5.4.4 年度校正：
         清潔并維修整套設(shè)備
         在第3.1段所述的三個(gè)不同設(shè)定狀態(tài)下，用獨(dú)立控制設(shè)備監(jiān)控環(huán)境
         檢查確認(rèn)鹽溶液的狀態(tài)符合規(guī)定。見(jiàn)附件10.1。
 
 
5.5 DEVIATION HANDLING
5.5.1 Deviations, general:  Any deviation during the test shall be recorded and its consequence on the test result shall be discussed with the test requester.
5.5    處理誤差
5.5.1 一般誤差：
試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的任何誤差都應(yīng)記錄下來(lái)，事后與試驗(yàn)申請(qǐng)方討論誤差對(duì)于試驗(yàn)結(jié)果的影響。
 
5.5.2 Test interruption:  In case of a temporary chamber failure, an intended holiday stop or at annual service of the equipment:  Store the test samples at room temperature (18-28°C) at 50-60% RH. for at most a week. This storage conditions will keep established corrosion cells at minimum activity without irreversibly quenching the corrosion activity, which may result from dry storage.
5.5.2 試驗(yàn)中斷:
由于試驗(yàn)箱臨時(shí)故障、節(jié)假日停機(jī)或?qū)υO(shè)備進(jìn)行年度維修而中斷試驗(yàn)：將試樣儲(chǔ)存在室溫(18-28°C)，相對(duì)濕度50-60% RH的環(huán)境下，最多一周。在這種儲(chǔ)存條件下，已經(jīng)生成的腐蝕細(xì)胞的活性可以控制在至低水平，而不會(huì)產(chǎn)生由于干燥儲(chǔ)存形成的對(duì)腐蝕活性的不可逆抑制。
 
 
 
6.0 Acceptance Criteria
6.1 Acceptance Criteria is determined by the Corrosion Engineering Department of Ford Motor Company.
6.0 接收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
6.1 接收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由福特汽車公司腐蝕工程部決定。
 
7.0 presentation of data
7.1 Present all pertinent information agreed upon with requester.  This may include number of cycles completed, pictures taken, special sample preparation, or positioning of the samples.
7.0 呈送數(shù)據(jù)
7.1 呈送與試驗(yàn)申請(qǐng)方商定的所有相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，包括完成的循環(huán)次數(shù)、照片特殊試樣準(zhǔn)備或試樣位置。
 
8.0 references
8.1 CETP 00.00-R-343, Global 12-Week Total Vehicle Accelerated Corrosion Test.
8.2 FAP03-015, Control, Calibration, and Maintenance of Measurement and Test Equipment.
8.3 FAP03-179, Developing Corporate Engineering Test Procedures.
8.0 參考文件
8.1 CETP 00.00-R-343， 12周整車加速腐蝕試驗(yàn)
8.2 FAP03-015，測(cè)量與測(cè)試設(shè)備的控制，校正和維護(hù)
8.3    FAP03-179， 發(fā)展中企業(yè)工程試驗(yàn)程序
9.0 record of revisions
See metadata field "Review Note".
9.0    修改記錄
見(jiàn)元數(shù)據(jù)版塊“評(píng)審記錄”
 
10.0 Attachment
10.0    附件
 
10.1 Recommended procedure for controlling of salt solution spray downfall
10.1    推薦關(guān)于鹽溶液噴灑狀況的控制程序
Check that the salt solution spray downfall is within specification by collecting the solution in a matrix of equally distanced beakers with defined collecting area. Cylindrical beakers of 6-10 cm diameter are recommended. They should be distanced with approximately 15 cm distance along the swaying tube/ rail throughout the whole test length, adjusted so that there is always a beaker directly under a nozzle and one just between two nozzles. 
For a symmetrically positioned rain rig, three such rows of beakers are recommended; one under the tube/ rail, another parallel with the tube rail at either of the long-sides where the test area ends, and a third row in between these positions, which can have a reduced number of beakers, see example in Fig. 10.1:1. The collected amount of precipitation in each beaker during one 6 h wet period is measured using a 25-50 ml measuring glass.
 
通過(guò)在規(guī)定收集范圍內(nèi)按矩陣等距擺放收集溶液的燒杯，檢查確認(rèn)鹽溶液噴灑狀況符合要求。推薦使用直徑為6-10cm的圓柱形燒杯。燒杯應(yīng)沿著搖擺管/軌道擺放，貫穿整個(gè)試驗(yàn)長(zhǎng)度。調(diào)整燒杯的擺放，使間距約為15cm，每個(gè)噴頭下和兩個(gè)噴頭之間都各有一個(gè)燒杯。
對(duì)于對(duì)稱型噴灑裝置，建議將燒杯分三排擺放：一排放在管/軌道下面， 另一排放在試驗(yàn)箱的任意一側(cè)長(zhǎng)邊緣，與管/軌道平行，第三排在前兩排之間，燒杯數(shù)量可以少一些，見(jiàn)圖10.1:1的示例。用一個(gè)25-50毫升的量杯測(cè)量一個(gè)6小時(shí)加濕周期內(nèi)收集到的液量。
 
 

1.  
2. Fig. 10.1:1 Example of positioning of beakers for collecting and controlling the salt solution spray downfall in a test plane
3. 圖10.1:1  燒杯放置示例，在試驗(yàn)平面內(nèi)收集和控制噴灑下來(lái)的鹽溶液